In a medium mixing bowl, whisk together the flour, baking soda, salt, cinnamon, allspice, cardamom, clove, nutmeg and pepper. Set aside.
In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with the paddle attachment or in a large mixing bowl using a hand mixer, add the butter and brown sugar. Mix together on low speed until just combined. Scrape down the sides of the bowl, turn the mixer to medium-high and cream together until the mixture is pale and aerated, about 2 minutes, scraping down the sides as needed.
Add the eggs, molasses, ginger and vanilla. Mix on medium speed until smooth and well combined, about 1 minute.
Scrape down the sides of the bowl and add the flour mixture. Mix on low speed until just combined. Divide the dough into two portions and cover with plastic wrap. Refrigerate for at least one hour and up to 3 days.
Preheat oven to 180°C/350°F. Line 2 baking sheets with parchment paper. Remove the cookie dough from the refrigerator and scoop into 25g (about 1oz) sized balls. Use your palms to roll each piece of dough into a spherical shape and then roll each dough ball in the granulated sugar. Place on the prepared baking sheets, ensuring there is at least 5cm (2in) of space between each cookie.
Bake the cookies, one baking sheet at a time, for about 8-10 minutes or until dry and crisp around the edges but still very soft in the middle. Cool the cookies on a rack before eating.
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Notes
Use the weight measurement of salt rather than the volumetric measurement if at all possible. Different brands and types of salt can vary, so going by weight is going to be the most consistent option.